{
 "name": "Franchise fee comparison",
 "source": "Compiled by Franchise Comparator from franchise disclosure documents filed with the Minnesota Department of Commerce franchise registry (CARDS); registry_url on each record is the FDD the figures come from.",
 "fields": [
  "brand",
  "page_url",
  "category",
  "fdd_year",
  "registry_state",
  "registry_url",
  "initial_fee_low_usd",
  "initial_fee_high_usd",
  "royalty_value",
  "royalty_percent_of_sales",
  "royalty_basis",
  "ad_fund_value",
  "ad_fund_basis",
  "item7_low_usd",
  "item7_high_usd",
  "units_franchised",
  "units_company",
  "units_year_end",
  "item19_published",
  "item19_metric",
  "item19_value_usd",
  "item19_basis"
 ],
 "records": [
  {
   "brand": "7 Brew",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/7-brew-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B609DD69E-0000-C658-8970-4BEC6402A5FF%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "4.5% to 7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "4.5% to 7% of weekly gross sales, tiered by sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of weekly gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 940500,
   "item7_high_usd": 2283500,
   "units_franchised": 578,
   "units_company": 24,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2646063,
   "item19_basis": "the 297 franchised stores open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Ace Hardware",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/ace-hardware-franchise",
   "category": "Retail",
   "fdd_year": 2025,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BD0221796-0000-CC1B-9807-C4179DE42D06%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 5000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 5000,
   "royalty_value": "no royalty",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "None, because the store owners own Ace together as a co-op",
   "ad_fund_value": "$6,000 in the first year, then 2% of the prior year's purchases",
   "ad_fund_basis": "Yearly brand assessment, Ace's charge in place of a royalty",
   "item7_low_usd": 603850,
   "item7_high_usd": 2001550,
   "units_franchised": 4885,
   "units_company": 259,
   "units_year_end": 2024,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2997732,
   "item19_basis": "343 core-format member stores that reported their 2023 figures"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Anytime Fitness",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/anytime-fitness-franchise",
   "category": "Fitness",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA0E8CEA0-0000-CC14-837A-7F979F2858D4%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 42500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 42500,
   "royalty_value": "$842 a month",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "$842 a month",
   "ad_fund_value": "$900 a month",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 539329,
   "item7_high_usd": 905482,
   "units_franchised": 2271,
   "units_company": 11,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly revenue",
   "item19_value_usd": 446814,
   "item19_basis": "1,683 franchised gyms using its coaching program and open the full year to February 28, 2026"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Arby's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/arbys-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BC0B6789D-0000-CD1B-89F1-C227A4D4E0F4%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 37500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 37500,
   "royalty_value": "4%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 4.0,
   "royalty_basis": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "3.22% to 5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 868550,
   "item7_high_usd": 2456600,
   "units_franchised": 2344,
   "units_company": 921,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1274787,
   "item19_basis": "2,182 franchised traditional restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Auntie Anne's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/auntie-annes-franchise",
   "category": "Bakery and snacks",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B70306F9E-0000-CC72-9F02-9DB2F399F29A%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35500,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of net sales (3% for street locations)",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 157795,
   "item7_high_usd": 835500,
   "units_franchised": 1236,
   "units_company": 11,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 792496,
   "item19_basis": "489 franchised full shops in enclosed malls that reported all 52 weeks of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Baskin-Robbins",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/baskin-robbins-franchise",
   "category": "Ice cream",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B10B4789D-0000-CD16-9041-FD212F663954%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 25000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 25000,
   "royalty_value": "5.9%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.9,
   "royalty_basis": "5.9% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 307400,
   "item7_high_usd": 626700,
   "units_franchised": 967,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 526669,
   "item19_basis": "814 franchised US shops open the full 2025 fiscal year"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Blaze Pizza",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/blaze-pizza-franchise",
   "category": "Pizza",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BF034899E-0000-CEDE-A736-A75B8B364832%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 30000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 30000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 757000,
   "item7_high_usd": 1297100,
   "units_franchised": 230,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1341998,
   "item19_basis": "208 franchised restaurants at traditional sites open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "BrightStar Care",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/brightstar-care-franchise",
   "category": "Senior care",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B50C762A0-0000-CB19-8BAC-4A84C74CC057%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "5.25%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.25,
   "royalty_basis": "5.25% of monthly net billings",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of net billings or $500 a month, whichever is more",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 101464,
   "item7_high_usd": 217486,
   "units_franchised": null,
   "units_company": null,
   "units_year_end": null,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly revenue",
   "item19_value_usd": 2427980,
   "item19_basis": "202 franchisees' first agencies open 12 months or longer, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Burger King",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/burger-king-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BC05B91A0-0000-C719-87E1-5D6CC28097DC%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "4.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 4.5,
   "royalty_basis": "4.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "up to 4.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 2039200,
   "item7_high_usd": 4730600,
   "units_franchised": 5518,
   "units_company": 1132,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1692549,
   "item19_basis": "4,730 franchised traditional restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Caribou Coffee",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/caribou-coffee-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B2065F99E-0100-C233-B8C1-5983F0C8F70D%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 30000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 30000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "up to 3% of gross sales (2% to the brand fund now)",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 898100,
   "item7_high_usd": 1515000,
   "units_franchised": 144,
   "units_company": 350,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Chick-fil-A",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/chick-fil-a-franchise-cost",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B00602C9E-0000-CC1A-A642-D5F525B987CB%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 10000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 10000,
   "royalty_value": "15% + 50% of profit",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "15% of gross receipts (less equipment rent and a services fee) plus 50% of the monthly profit",
   "ad_fund_value": "up to 3.25% of gross receipts, not charged now",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 317521,
   "item7_high_usd": 3463155,
   "units_franchised": 2795,
   "units_company": 68,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 9161239,
   "item19_basis": "2,302 free-standing and drive-thru Operator restaurants open at least a full year, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Chicken Salad Chick",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/chicken-salad-chick-franchise",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B003B179E-0000-CA3F-822B-387323C4495E%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales (at least $600)",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 777000,
   "item7_high_usd": 998500,
   "units_franchised": 252,
   "units_company": 74,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1496540,
   "item19_basis": "214 franchised restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Cinnabon",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/cinnabon-franchise",
   "category": "Bakery and snacks",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BF095699E-0000-C31D-8B81-A8F4782FA0DB%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35500,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of net sales (3% for street locations)",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 256950,
   "item7_high_usd": 703500,
   "units_franchised": 1310,
   "units_company": 28,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 665401,
   "item19_basis": "189 franchised full bakeries in enclosed malls that reported all 52 weeks of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Circle K",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/circle-k-franchise",
   "category": "Convenience stores",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA0A3AD9F-0000-C839-89C9-FCEE62B4C95E%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 25000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 25000,
   "royalty_value": "3.5% to 6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "3.5% to 6% of gross sales, depending on the funding package (at least $1,000 a month)",
   "ad_fund_value": "0.25% of gross sales, plus local and national promotion fees",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1472500,
   "item7_high_usd": 2874650,
   "units_franchised": 515,
   "units_company": 5556,
   "units_year_end": 2026,
   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Comfort Keepers",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/comfort-keepers-franchise",
   "category": "Senior care",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B70279E9B-0000-C010-A319-150948ABB3DA%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 55000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 55000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross revenue, capped at about $803 a month",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 119560,
   "item7_high_usd": 190700,
   "units_franchised": 619,
   "units_company": 5,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net revenue",
   "item19_value_usd": 1277857,
   "item19_basis": "600 franchised businesses open at least a year, September 2024 to August 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Crumbl",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/crumbl-cookies-franchise",
   "category": "Bakery and snacks",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BE0773C9F-0000-C61B-9369-4CD47BACD015%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "8%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 8.0,
   "royalty_basis": "8% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 848566,
   "item7_high_usd": 1472533,
   "units_franchised": 1101,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1139162,
   "item19_basis": "776 franchised bakeries open all of 2025 that reported complete figures"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Crunch Fitness",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/crunch-fitness-franchise",
   "category": "Fitness",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B206E1F9F-0000-C437-91C3-EDABD48651A0%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of monthly gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of monthly gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 2147500,
   "item7_high_usd": 5367000,
   "units_franchised": 481,
   "units_company": 5,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "median yearly revenue for the middle third of clubs",
   "item19_value_usd": 2848462,
   "item19_basis": "111 clubs, the middle third of 331 franchised clubs open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Culver's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/culvers-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B60A6869D-0000-CD1E-B3B9-CA58D3B2BE07%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 65000,
   "royalty_value": "4%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 4.0,
   "royalty_basis": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 3406350,
   "item7_high_usd": 10294100,
   "units_franchised": 1034,
   "units_company": 7,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 4142737,
   "item19_basis": "988 franchised restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Dave's Hot Chicken",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/daves-hot-chicken-franchise",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B6062189F-0000-CA34-9531-2B3DAEEB85C9%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 40000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 40000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 823800,
   "item7_high_usd": 4121900,
   "units_franchised": 348,
   "units_company": 10,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Domino's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/dominos-franchise",
   "category": "Pizza",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B904DD79F-0000-C018-8633-DF39373E5386%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 10000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 10000,
   "royalty_value": "5.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.5,
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   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/marcos-pizza-franchise",
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   "fdd_year": 2026,
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   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B80F82C9E-0000-C515-B7B0-20FD561492F5%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 25000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 25000,
   "royalty_value": "5.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.5,
   "royalty_basis": "5.5% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "1% of net sales, plus 4% to a national advertising fund",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 286477,
   "item7_high_usd": 811186,
   "units_franchised": 1139,
   "units_company": 45,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
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  },
  {
   "brand": "Massage Envy",
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   "category": "Beauty and wellness",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B80EEB29F-0000-CF58-8332-934EA732DDF2%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 45000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 695870,
   "item7_high_usd": 1046506,
   "units_franchised": 993,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1210966,
   "item19_basis": "989 locations open all 52 weeks of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Mathnasium",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/mathnasium-franchise",
   "category": "Tutoring",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B006C849F-0000-CF10-A9F9-D2AEE7C4B274%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 49000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 49000,
   "royalty_value": "10% + $650 a month",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "10% of monthly gross receipts plus a $650 monthly base royalty",
   "ad_fund_value": "$250 a month plus 2% of gross receipts",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 127316,
   "item7_high_usd": 165846,
   "units_franchised": 1043,
   "units_company": 4,
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   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "McDonald's",
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   "fdd_year": 2024,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B00854694-0000-C81E-A837-45255DE7E7CE%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 45000,
   "royalty_value": "5% (plus rent)",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales, plus rent to McDonald's",
   "ad_fund_value": "at least 4% of gross sales on advertising",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1470500,
   "item7_high_usd": 2642000,
   "units_franchised": 12772,
   "units_company": 685,
   "units_year_end": 2023,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 3964000,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "Merry Maids",
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   "category": "Cleaning",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B604C439F-0000-CD1D-B8DB-2B56567DEBF0%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 55000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 55000,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of gross sales (lower at higher sales)",
   "ad_fund_value": "1.3% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 126875,
   "item7_high_usd": 169325,
   "units_franchised": 684,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 439243,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "MOD Pizza",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/mod-pizza-franchise",
   "category": "Pizza",
   "fdd_year": 2024,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B806B0495-0000-C117-B8F3-85B5F3211ED6%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 30000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 30000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of weekly revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of weekly revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1001223,
   "item7_high_usd": 1301134,
   "units_franchised": 87,
   "units_company": 465,
   "units_year_end": 2023,
   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Molly Maid",
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   "category": "Cleaning",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA014B79E-0000-C913-9645-1B13E3E8F89B%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 14900,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 14900,
   "royalty_value": "3% to 6.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "3% to 6.5% of gross sales, with minimum fees",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 144150,
   "item7_high_usd": 203950,
   "units_franchised": 432,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Mr. Rooter",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/mr-rooter-franchise",
   "category": "Home services",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B30ECB19E-0000-C334-BEA2-A417DC08CE37%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 42500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 42500,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales, with monthly minimums",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales, with monthly minimums",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 152900,
   "item7_high_usd": 298675,
   "units_franchised": 238,
   "units_company": 2,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2093531,
   "item19_basis": "193 franchised businesses open and reporting all 52 weeks of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Nothing Bundt Cakes",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/nothing-bundt-cakes-franchise",
   "category": "Bakery and snacks",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B50C59FA0-0000-CE56-B6CF-5D78B0A1ED9A%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 45000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of weekly net revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "5% of weekly net revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 475200,
   "item7_high_usd": 994100,
   "units_franchised": 771,
   "units_company": 8,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net revenue",
   "item19_value_usd": 1477163,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "Orangetheory Fitness",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/orangetheory-franchise",
   "category": "Fitness",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B90ECCEA0-0000-C41B-B8F7-70085610F606%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 59950,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 59950,
   "royalty_value": "8%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 8.0,
   "royalty_basis": "8% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "3% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 764577,
   "item7_high_usd": 1104920,
   "units_franchised": 1209,
   "units_company": 15,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 802145,
   "item19_basis": "1,189 franchised studios open the full year to February 28, 2026"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Panera Bread",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/panera-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B5089A89E-0000-C410-8A54-BF44A1C19EDF%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4% of net sales to the national advertising fund",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1337139,
   "item7_high_usd": 4569880,
   "units_franchised": 1106,
   "units_company": 1108,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2541217,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "Papa John's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/papa-johns-franchise",
   "category": "Pizza",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B0064BA9D-0000-C711-BA7C-9EC8918839C3%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 5000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 25000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "6% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 281485,
   "item7_high_usd": 890267,
   "units_franchised": 2832,
   "units_company": 462,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1097987,
   "item19_basis": "2,389 standard franchised US restaurants open the whole 2025 fiscal year"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Pet Supplies Plus",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/pet-supplies-plus-franchise",
   "category": "Pets",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BE0FE639E-0000-CB35-94B1-C00352A376D0%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 49900,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 49900,
   "royalty_value": "2%, then 3%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "2% of monthly gross sales for the first 12 months, then 3%",
   "ad_fund_value": "$1,000 a month in year one, then about 1.17% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 520250,
   "item7_high_usd": 1818900,
   "units_franchised": 498,
   "units_company": 231,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2622279,
   "item19_basis": "385 franchised stores open all of 2025 under the same owner"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Pizza Hut",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/pizza-hut-franchise",
   "category": "Pizza",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BE06E59A1-0000-CD53-8BA6-4AB534B19A37%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 25000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 25000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4.75% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 846000,
   "item7_high_usd": 2130000,
   "units_franchised": 4956,
   "units_company": 75,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1037823,
   "item19_basis": "1,875 mature franchised restaurants open at least a year, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "PJ's Coffee",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/pjs-coffee-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B10CA1D9E-0000-CF1D-9DAE-8E4A886B999F%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 15000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 40000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 522500,
   "item7_high_usd": 899000,
   "units_franchised": 167,
   "units_company": 13,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 603785,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "Planet Fitness",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/planet-fitness-franchise",
   "category": "Fitness",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B5027009F-0000-C215-9900-678E50EA83AF%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 40000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 40000,
   "royalty_value": "7% of dues",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of membership dues paid by bank draft",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of membership fees (up to 3%)",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1282500,
   "item7_high_usd": 5386000,
   "units_franchised": 2432,
   "units_company": 277,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly dues revenue for the middle third of clubs",
   "item19_value_usd": 1873231,
   "item19_basis": "the middle third of 2,291 US franchised clubs open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Playa Bowls",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/playa-bowls-franchise",
   "category": "Smoothies and bowls",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA08FD59E-0000-CF1B-BD3C-CB22C9ED67A8%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of monthly gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 281960,
   "item7_high_usd": 1055594,
   "units_franchised": 342,
   "units_company": 30,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
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   "item19_basis": "223 franchised traditional shops, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Popeyes",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/popeyes-franchise",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BF001559D-0000-C91B-932F-5B01ABF6CB2E%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4.6% to 5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1222045,
   "item7_high_usd": 3923245,
   "units_franchised": 3134,
   "units_company": 95,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1893675,
   "item19_basis": "2,248 franchised free-standing US restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Primrose Schools",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/primrose-schools-franchise",
   "category": "Childcare",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B8055439F-0000-C656-8E3A-606233CE8CA5%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 80000,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 5016600,
   "item7_high_usd": 7960300,
   "units_franchised": 557,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly revenue of the top quarter of schools by occupancy",
   "item19_value_usd": 3586393,
   "item19_basis": "130 schools, the top quarter of 520 franchised schools open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Right at Home",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/right-at-home-franchise",
   "category": "Senior care",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BC011219E-0000-C81E-9990-AAC15EECFFD2%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 49500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 49500,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of net billings (with a quarterly minimum)",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of net billings on the first $1,000,000 a year, then 1%",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 94330,
   "item7_high_usd": 176239,
   "units_franchised": 566,
   "units_company": 6,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly billings per office",
   "item19_value_usd": 1836498,
   "item19_basis": "390 franchised offices open a year or more, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Scooter's Coffee",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/scooters-coffee-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B107B3AA1-0000-CF11-86E0-2118173EE521%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
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   "initial_fee_high_usd": 40000,
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   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
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   "ad_fund_value": "2% of net sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1163650,
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   "item19_published": true,
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   "item19_basis": "761 franchised kiosk stores open all of 2025"
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  {
   "brand": "Servpro",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/servpro-franchise",
   "category": "Home services",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B3003049E-0000-C414-89E1-0C295E6123C8%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 100000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 100000,
   "royalty_value": "3% to 10%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "3% to 10% of monthly gross volume, plus a small monthly fixed fee",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of monthly gross volume",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 263305,
   "item7_high_usd": 385570,
   "units_franchised": 2354,
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   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
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  {
   "brand": "Sharetea",
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   "category": "Bubble tea",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B90BDE39D-0000-CF1E-BC1F-A92EBF9FF706%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 12000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 12000,
   "royalty_value": "6% (at least $1,200 a month)",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of monthly gross sales (at least $1,200 a month)",
   "ad_fund_value": null,
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 275600,
   "item7_high_usd": 606400,
   "units_franchised": 146,
   "units_company": 0,
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   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Slim Chickens",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/slim-chickens-franchise",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B600AF69F-0000-C41D-BAC0-318C0F7CEAE7%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 30000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 30000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1188900,
   "item7_high_usd": 4944000,
   "units_franchised": 204,
   "units_company": 11,
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   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2351047,
   "item19_basis": "166 standard US franchised restaurants open all of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Sonic Drive-In",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/sonic-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B40B6789D-0000-C879-8358-3B55D64CB469%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 15000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 15000,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "0.9% of gross sales, plus at least 3.25% for local advertising",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1485200,
   "item7_high_usd": 2522900,
   "units_franchised": 3120,
   "units_company": 292,
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   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1552145,
   "item19_basis": "3,057 franchised traditional drive-ins open the full 2025 fiscal year"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Subway",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/subway-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B102F8B9F-0000-CA35-BE22-AE95E3BA7329%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 15000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 15000,
   "royalty_value": "8%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 8.0,
   "royalty_basis": "8% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 263000,
   "item7_high_usd": 630000,
   "units_franchised": 18773,
   "units_company": 0,
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   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Supercuts",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/supercuts-franchise",
   "category": "Beauty and wellness",
   "fdd_year": 2025,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B20C1909C-0000-CE18-8382-4D8EE2A66066%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 39500,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 39500,
   "royalty_value": "4%, then 6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "4% of net service and merchandise revenue in the first year, then 6%",
   "ad_fund_value": "5% of net service revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 185930,
   "item7_high_usd": 323460,
   "units_franchised": 1701,
   "units_company": 100,
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   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly gross sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 322306,
   "item19_basis": "1,661 franchised U.S. salons that reported sales every month of the July 2024 to June 2025 fiscal year (the FDD averages its top, middle and bottom thirds)"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Taco Bell",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/taco-bell-franchise",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA0B3739D-0000-C21D-B48A-C6DF2F008D36%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 45000,
   "royalty_value": "5.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.5,
   "royalty_basis": "5.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "4.25% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1859750,
   "item7_high_usd": 4312200,
   "units_franchised": 7335,
   "units_company": 663,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Take 5 Oil Change",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/take-5-oil-change-franchise",
   "category": "Automotive",
   "fdd_year": 2025,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA015959B-0000-C417-B548-B21447247EA9%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 45000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 45000,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 912248,
   "item7_high_usd": 2053642,
   "units_franchised": 432,
   "units_company": 710,
   "units_year_end": 2024,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1235518,
   "item19_basis": "323 franchised centers open at least a full year, 2024"
  },
  {
   "brand": "The Goddard School",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/the-goddard-school-franchise",
   "category": "Childcare",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B3029839E-0000-CF15-9DF0-8EEBFF5D261F%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 135000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 135000,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of gross receipts",
   "ad_fund_value": "4% of gross receipts",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1003500,
   "item7_high_usd": 1503000,
   "units_franchised": 665,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "The Human Bean",
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   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B60CFAD9E-0000-C61F-9494-EEAB53CC16AC%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "no royalty",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "none (the franchisor earns from the coffee and supplies it sells you)",
   "ad_fund_value": "1% of adjusted gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 672000,
   "item7_high_usd": 1532000,
   "units_franchised": 176,
   "units_company": 12,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 813587,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "The Joint Chiropractic",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/the-joint-chiropractic-franchise",
   "category": "Beauty and wellness",
   "fdd_year": 2024,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B50997A91-0000-C11C-8838-5FEC331D161B%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 39900,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 39900,
   "royalty_value": "7% (at least $700 a month)",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of gross sales or $700 a month, whichever is more",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 254250,
   "item7_high_usd": 520800,
   "units_franchised": 800,
   "units_company": 135,
   "units_year_end": 2023,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
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   "item19_basis": "696 US franchised clinics that reported every month of 2023"
  },
  {
   "brand": "The Learning Experience",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/the-learning-experience-franchise",
   "category": "Childcare",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BC097C79F-0000-CD19-8F02-8BB7F04877D2%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 60000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 60000,
   "royalty_value": "7%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 7.0,
   "royalty_basis": "7% of monthly gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "1% of gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 805799,
   "item7_high_usd": 1563499,
   "units_franchised": 436,
   "units_company": 29,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2186393,
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  },
  {
   "brand": "The Maids",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/the-maids-franchise",
   "category": "Cleaning",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B104E489F-0000-C93F-B60E-C1AE322FFCF8%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 60000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 60000,
   "royalty_value": "3.9% to 6.9%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "3.9% to 6.9% of weekly gross revenue, lower as volume grows (weekly minimums apply)",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% of gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 117720,
   "item7_high_usd": 141200,
   "units_franchised": 394,
   "units_company": 31,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly revenue per franchised outlet",
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   "item19_basis": "97 franchised outlets, October 2024 to September 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "The UPS Store",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/the-ups-store-franchise",
   "category": "Retail",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BD09A379F-0000-C512-BB6B-CD981B164377%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 14950,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 39950,
   "royalty_value": "5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 5.0,
   "royalty_basis": "5% of sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of sales, plus 1% for local marketing",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 114026,
   "item7_high_usd": 413260,
   "units_franchised": 5487,
   "units_company": 16,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": false,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Tim Hortons",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/tim-hortons-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B70E10C9D-0000-CF74-BFD5-5695A8A96637%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "4.5% to 6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales in most cases (4.5% to 6%)",
   "ad_fund_value": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 988000,
   "item7_high_usd": 3312500,
   "units_franchised": null,
   "units_company": null,
   "units_year_end": null,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average monthly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 107845,
   "item19_basis": "585 franchised standard shops that reported at least 10 months of 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Tommy's Express Car Wash",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/tommys-express-car-wash-franchise",
   "category": "Automotive",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B50A0989E-0000-CE15-BC66-012A75D5722E%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "4%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 4.0,
   "royalty_basis": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "1% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 3482389,
   "item7_high_usd": 11846697,
   "units_franchised": 244,
   "units_company": 16,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2083929,
   "item19_basis": "25 franchised car washes in their fifth year, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Tropical Smoothie Cafe",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/tropical-smoothie-cafe-franchise",
   "category": "Smoothies and bowls",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B80BDD69E-0000-C412-9381-44E1F3A54D35%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 275500,
   "item7_high_usd": 770500,
   "units_franchised": 1650,
   "units_company": 1,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net revenue",
   "item19_value_usd": 978298,
   "item19_basis": "1,431 franchised traditional cafes open at least a full year, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Valvoline Instant Oil Change",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/valvoline-franchise",
   "category": "Automotive",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BA0EEB29B-0000-C01C-B181-30B426F3272A%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 30000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 30000,
   "royalty_value": "6% from year three",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "2% in year one, 3% in year two, then 6% of adjusted gross revenue",
   "ad_fund_value": "up to 2% of adjusted gross revenue (capped yearly)",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 192375,
   "item7_high_usd": 639550,
   "units_franchised": 1063,
   "units_company": 976,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly net sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 1844172,
   "item19_basis": "891 franchised centers open a full year, fiscal year to September 30, 2025"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Visiting Angels",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/visiting-angels-franchise",
   "category": "Senior care",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B30A32B9E-0000-C91C-B2B7-A3A813846CA5%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 51950,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 89950,
   "royalty_value": "3% to 3.5%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": null,
   "royalty_basis": "3.5% of gross revenue, lower at higher revenue (monthly minimums apply)",
   "ad_fund_value": "2.5% of gross revenue or $425 a month, whichever is more",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 125460,
   "item7_high_usd": 171150,
   "units_franchised": 541,
   "units_company": 0,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": null,
   "item19_value_usd": null,
   "item19_basis": null
  },
  {
   "brand": "Wendy's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/wendys-franchise-cost",
   "category": "Restaurants",
   "fdd_year": 2025,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7BC034B197-0000-C21E-A717-3AF336DC823A%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 50000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 50000,
   "royalty_value": "4%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 4.0,
   "royalty_basis": "4% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "2% to 4% of gross sales on advertising",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1523957,
   "item7_high_usd": 2992000,
   "units_franchised": 5552,
   "units_company": 381,
   "units_year_end": 2024,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2108454,
   "item19_basis": "5,325 US franchised restaurants with a full year of sales, 2024"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Zaxby's",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/zaxbys-franchise",
   "category": "Chicken",
   "fdd_year": 2025,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B5026A297-0000-C612-8E70-EA706DF38EBF%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 35000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 35000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "1.5% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 1445000,
   "item7_high_usd": 3810500,
   "units_franchised": 826,
   "units_company": 143,
   "units_year_end": 2024,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 2782488,
   "item19_basis": "776 franchised restaurants open all of 2024"
  },
  {
   "brand": "Ziggi's Coffee",
   "page_url": "https://franchisecomparator.com/ziggis-coffee-franchise",
   "category": "Coffee",
   "fdd_year": 2026,
   "registry_state": "MN",
   "registry_url": "https://www.cards.commerce.state.mn.us/documents/%7B20EEAA9D-0000-C811-BF1A-6B36F8EB94E8%7D/download?documentClass=FRANCHISE_REGISTRATIONS&contentSequence=0",
   "initial_fee_low_usd": 40000,
   "initial_fee_high_usd": 40000,
   "royalty_value": "6%",
   "royalty_percent_of_sales": 6.0,
   "royalty_basis": "6% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_value": "1% of gross sales",
   "ad_fund_basis": null,
   "item7_low_usd": 586830,
   "item7_high_usd": 1759855,
   "units_franchised": 107,
   "units_company": 8,
   "units_year_end": 2025,
   "item19_published": true,
   "item19_metric": "average yearly sales",
   "item19_value_usd": 836537,
   "item19_basis": "55 franchised drive-thru shops open all of 2025"
  }
 ]
}